Problems Solved by Installing Braces
Significant bite defects, such as improper alignment of dental arches, crowded teeth, and excessively wide gaps between teeth, negatively impact health. These issues not only mar the aesthetics of a smile but also make teeth cleaning difficult, leading to cavities. They can cause speech disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, headaches, and discomfort in the cervical spine. Additionally, they can create communication difficulties and, in children and adolescents, often hinder mental development.
These problems can be addressed with braces, an orthodontic device consisting of two main elements:
- Plates or brackets attached to the teeth
- A metal arch connecting the plates
The orthodontist tightens the arch, which then exerts pressure on the teeth to move them into their anatomically correct position. The average rate of movement is about 1 mm per month, with noticeable changes occurring in 4-6 months. Braces also prepare teeth for implants or prosthetics by slightly moving them to make space for a crown.
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Ideal Age for Braces
Bite correction and other dental defects can begin at 12-13 years when permanent teeth replace milk teeth. The optimal age for treatment is 14-20 years. Adults can also get braces, but their dental condition must be considered.
Types of Braces by Material
Orthodontic plates can be made from plastic, metal, ceramic, or synthetic sapphire. The choice of material affects the aesthetics, effectiveness, and cost of the system.
Plastic Braces
These are a budget-friendly solution designed to alleviate concerns about appearance during bite correction. Plastic brackets can be transparent, colored, or match the tooth enamel, making them nearly invisible or a vibrant accessory.
Disadvantages:
- Low strength – the plates break easily and wear down over time
- Ineffective for severe bite pathologies as they cannot hold a strongly tightened arch
- May cause allergic reactions
Metal Braces
Metal plates are a classic solution, made from stainless steel or titanium-nickel alloys. These braces are durable, suitable for correcting complex defects, and are cost-effective.
Disadvantages:
- Low aesthetics – metal plates are visible, especially on the front teeth
- Unpleasant metallic taste
- Risk of allergic reactions
Ceramic Braces
Ceramic models are more expensive than metal ones and offer the advantage of being less noticeable due to their matte or semi-transparent plates. They are often chosen for aesthetic reasons.
Disadvantages:
- Not suitable for correcting severe pathologies
- Can stain from food and drink dyes
Sapphire Braces
Made from synthetic sapphire, these are the most expensive but offer superior aesthetics. They are transparent and almost invisible. Additionally, they are durable, long-lasting, and do not stain from food and drinks.
Disadvantages:
- High cost
- Complex installation requiring experienced professionals
Combined Braces
Sometimes orthodontists recommend combined braces, such as ceramic plates in the smile zone and metal brackets beyond it. Another option is ceramic on canines and incisors, metal on molars. This approach balances cost with effective force application.
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Method of Fixation
Another criterion by which braces are distinguished is the method of installation.
Vestibular
The traditional solution is to place brackets on the front surface of the teeth. Their advantages:
- Relatively low cost, especially if the plates are made of metal or plastic
- Versatility, ability to correct almost any bite problem
- Simplicity of installation and maintenance
The main disadvantage is their visibility. Since vestibular braces are on the front surface of the teeth, they are hard to miss when a person opens their mouth. They can be made less noticeable by choosing ceramic or artificial sapphire plates.
Other disadvantages:
- Long adaptation period, painful sensations in the first weeks of wearing
- Complex care – teeth around the plates and arch need to be thoroughly cleaned to remove food particles that can get stuck
- Risk of gum damage
Lingual
These braces are installed on the back surface of the teeth. This correction method is recommended for those who feel they would be self-conscious with vestibular orthodontic appliances. The main advantage of lingual models is their invisibility. In this case, the aesthetics of the material is not as important, so you can choose the option that provides the maximum effectiveness.
Disadvantages:
- Long adaptation period
- Unpleasant sensations when the tongue encounters an obstacle
- Speech defects due to the tongue touching the braces
- Relatively high cost due to the complex installation
- Lower effectiveness compared to vestibular models
- Longer treatment period, as this installation method cannot provide sufficient force.
Type of Braces Construction
The construction of braces affects the comfort of wearing, duration, and results of orthodontic treatment.
Ligature Braces
In standard systems, the archwire is attached to the brackets using ligatures. These are rubber bands or metal wire loops. Over time, they stretch and break, so patients need to visit the orthodontist about once a month to replace them.
Advantages:
- Affordable price
- High effectiveness – ligature braces can correct almost any defect
- Predictable results
Main Disadvantage:
- Long adaptation period. The orthodontic construction exerts significant pressure on the teeth, causing pain. Children find the adaptation process more difficult than adults. Additionally, it is harder to care for teeth with braces as food particles can get stuck under the ligatures, and plaque accumulates.
Self-Ligating Braces
In self-ligating or non-ligature models, the archwire is connected to the plates using special clips. Patients still need to visit the orthodontist periodically to monitor the treatment process and adjust the archwire tension, but these visits can be less frequent, about once every 2-3 months.
Advantages:
- The movable archwire reduces pressure on the teeth, making it less painful than ligature models and shortening the adaptation period
- Easier to care for due to the compact system with fewer elements
- Minor bite defects can be corrected faster
Disadvantages:
- Higher cost compared to ligature orthodontic constructions
- Not suitable for correcting complex bite anomalies
Indications and Contraindications
Braces are installed to correct bite and align teeth. This is usually necessary in the following cases:
- Crowded Teeth: Close spacing of teeth causes uneven chewing load distribution and cleaning difficulties, leading to cavities and aesthetic issues.
- Incorrect Bite: Problems arise when the upper or lower jaw is significantly protruded, teeth do not close properly in the middle or on the sides, or lower teeth overlap the upper ones. This affects dental health, digestion, posture, and can cause psychological discomfort.
- Impacted Teeth: Braces can help "pull out" unerupted teeth that remain in the bone or gums due to improper development.
- Interdental Gaps: Wide gaps between teeth can also be corrected with orthodontic constructions.
- Preparation for Implantation: Ensuring adjacent tooth roots do not interfere with implant placement.
Absolute Contraindications:
- Age under 12-13 years – younger patients are fitted with orthodontic plates or elastic trainers
- Absence of several teeth in the dental row
- Advanced stage of periodontitis
- Bone tissue pathologies
- Serious acute diseases – tuberculosis, immune disorders, diabetes, cancer
- Nervous or mental disorders
Relative Contraindications: In these cases, orthodontic constructions can be installed after addressing the problem:
- Initial stage of periodontitis
- Cavities, pulpitis, gum inflammation
- Many crowns or implants
- Allergy to the material of the plates – the dentist will offer an alternative solution
Preparation for Braces Installation
Orthodontic constructions are installed after thorough preparation.
Planning
The interaction between the doctor and patient begins with a consultation. The dentist examines the patient, listens to complaints, and asks clarifying questions. To assess the condition of the dental system and understand the position of the roots, it is necessary to:
- Take a panoramic X-ray
- Take regular photos to form a photoprotocol
- Take dental impressions
The dentist then offers the patient available correction methods. After agreement, they develop an orthodontic treatment plan. Technicians in the laboratory make the braces.
Oral Sanitation
Plates are installed on healthy, thoroughly cleaned teeth. If plaque remains under the brackets, cavities may develop underneath, which are difficult to diagnose at an early stage. Therefore, the preparation for orthodontic constructions includes:
- Treating cavities and other dental and gum diseases
- Eliminating inflammation foci
- Professional cleaning to remove soft plaque and hard deposits
- Treating enamel with a strengthening compound containing fluoride and calcium.
How is the Installation of Braces Carried Out?
The fixation of the orthodontic system is a painless procedure that does not cause any unpleasant sensations.
The doctor treats the tooth enamel with a special composition to make it rougher, which helps the adhesive adhere better to the surface.
The next step is the actual fixation of the braces. There are two installation methods.
In the direct method, the doctor positions each bracket sequentially on the tooth surface and then connects them with an archwire. The procedure duration is 1-1.5 hours.
In the indirect method, models of the patient's jaws are created in a laboratory. The brackets are pre-positioned on these models. The doctor then transfers them to the patient's dental arch in the same order, saving time. The installation duration is 25-30 minutes.
Dental adhesive is used for fixation, which quickly hardens under ultraviolet light.
Once all the brackets are installed and secured, the doctor connects them with a metal archwire and adjusts its tension according to the pre-prepared plan.
After this, the orthodontist provides recommendations on how to care for the teeth and braces and familiarizes the patient with the schedule for follow-up visits. If the orthodontic construction is installed on a child, the schedule and care recommendations are communicated to the parents.
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Adjustment and Result Consolidation
Orthodontic treatment is divided into several stages. After each stage, the doctor checks if the teeth have reached the required intermediate position. If everything is going according to plan, the orthodontist adjusts the archwire tension. During follow-up visits, the dentist also checks the integrity of the system and replaces the ligatures.
The frequency of adjustments depends on the type of construction, either every 3-4 weeks or every 2-3 months. Scheduled visits should only be missed for serious reasons, such as illness.
The average duration of wearing braces is 1.5 years. This depends on the patient's age, the complexity of the problem, and the type of orthodontic construction, so the correction duration can be longer.
The decision to remove the braces is made by the doctor and done in the dental office.
An important stage of orthodontic treatment is result consolidation. It's not enough to simply move the teeth into the anatomically correct position. They will stay in place only if bone tissue and ligaments form around the roots. This takes time. Therefore, after the braces are removed, retainers must be worn. These are removable or fixed constructions selected by the doctor based on the patient's dental system characteristics. They are usually worn for a period twice the length of the braces-wearing period.
The AESTHETE Dental Clinic is located in Dubai (UAE), Bluewaters Island. We provide comprehensive braces installation services for children, teenagers, and adults. Our team includes experienced and highly qualified orthodontists. For bite correction, we use systems from leading global manufacturers. The doctor carefully monitors the orthodontic treatment process and makes adjustments as needed to ensure the desired result.
Do you have any questions? Our clinic administrators will promptly answer them. They will explain the installation process, clarify service prices, and help you schedule a consultation at a convenient time.
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